Moral agent : An agent is a person who performs an action a moral agent is a person with the capacity to act morally. These texts constitute the foundation of Kant’s own moral philosophy. In terms of ethics, the most significant of his works are Groundwork in the Metaphysics of Morals (1785), Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and Metaphysics of Morals (1798). He was the first recorded scholar to suggest that some of the faint nebulae visible with a telescope are actually separate universes in the sky.Īs with many scholars of his time, Kant’s new ideas and published works about the nature of reality and free will were widely condemned, but they have remained prominently influential to this day. He wrote several dense, difficult-to-read but highly influential texts regarding metaphysics, metaethics and practical morality, science, history and politics.

He was a philosopher and scientist specializing in many areas, including mathematics, astrophysics, geography and anthropology. He only stopped working at the university three years before his death. He essentially spent his whole adult life at the university and never truly travelled outside of the city. Immanuel Kant was born in 1724 in the Prussian city of Königsberg. Consequentialism tells us we need to take into account the final consequence of our action, even if the act itself is not morally good. According the theory of utility, the best consequence is happiness/pleasure, because it is considered the absolute good. To better understand deontology, compare it to some opposing theories, such as utilitarianism, which says we have an obligation to take the course of action that achieves the most positive outcome or consequence. Unlike religious deontological theories, the rules (or maxims) in Kant’s deontological theory derive from human reason. Immanuel Kant, the theory’s celebrated proponent, formulated the most influential form of a secular deontological moral theory in 1788. Thus, deontological theories and duties have existed for many centuries. In religious deontology, the principles derive from divine commandment so that under religious laws, we are morally obligated not to steal, lie, or cheat. The theory of deontology states we are morally obligated to act in accordance with a certain set of principles and rules regardless of outcome. The term deontology comes from the Greek word deon, meaning duty. Applying virtue ethics: the Rajat Gupta case.Applying Utilitarianism: Are Insider Trading and the Bailout of GM Ethical?.Early Roots of the Western Moral Tradition.Episode 3: Issue Spotting and Problem Solving.Episode 1: Financial Ethics, the Performance Enhancer.Seven Pillars Institute’s Financial Ethics Training Video Series: Ethics in Finance is Good!.

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